NF Z48-003-1995 情报和文献.图书、报纸、期刊和电子出版物的生产和发售的统计方法
时间:2024-04-30 18:37:17 来源: 标准资料网 作者：标准资料网 阅读：9056
【英文标准名称】:Informationanddocumentation.Statisticsontheproductionanddistributionofbooks,newpapers,periodicalsandelectronicpublications.
【原文标准名称】:情报和文献.图书、报纸、期刊和电子出版物的生产和发售的统计方法
【标准号】:NFZ48-003-1995
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:1995-06-01
【实施或试行日期】:1995-06-05
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(FR-AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Bookproduction;Books;Classificationsystems;Datarepresentation;Definitions;Distribution;Documentations;Electronicstorage;Information;Informationexchange;Informationinterchange;Libraryandinformationscience;Libraryscience;Newspapers;Periodicals;Publications;Publishing;Statistics
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:A14
【国际标准分类号】:01_140_20
【页数】:20P.;A4
【正文语种】:其他
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforEvaluatingTrans-VinyleneYieldinIrradiatedUltra-High-Molecular-WeightPolyethyleneFabricatedFormsIntendedforSurgicalImplantsbyInfraredSpectroscopy
【原文标准名称】:红外光谱分析法测定用作外科植入物的照射超高分子量聚乙烯制型材中反式-1,1,2-次乙基生成量的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMF2381-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:F04.15
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:crosslinking;FTIR(FourierTransformInfrared);implant;trans-vinyleneindex;TVI;UHMWPE(ultra-highmolecularweightpolyethylene);Infrared(IR)analysis;Surgicalimplants;Trans-vinyleneyield;Ultra-highmolecular-weightpolyethylene(UHMWPE)
【摘要】:Publishedliteratureshowsthattheyieldofradiolyticreactionsthatoccurduringradiationtreatmentincreaseswithradiationdoselevel.Measurementoftheproductsofthesereactionscanbeusedasaninternaldosimeter.Trans-vinyleneunsaturationsareformedduringionizationtreatmentbyabstractionofahydrogenmolecule,andtoalesserextentbytherecombinationoftwoadjacentalkylfreeradicalsthatresideonthesamechain.Previousworkgeneratedcalibrationcurvesoftrans-vinyleneabsorptionareaasafunctionofabsorbedradiationdose,yieldingalinearrelationshipforbothgamma-andelectronbeam-irradiatedpolyethylene.Thisdatacanbeusedtodeterminereceiveddoseasafunctionofposition,assumingacalibrationcurve(TVIversusradiationdoselevel)isknownfortheparticularmaterialandradiationconditionsused,andcanbeusedtodetermineuniformityofdoselevelinirradiatedpolyethylene.1.1Thistestmethoddescribesthemeasurementofthenumberoftrans-vinylenegroupsinultra-highmolecularweightpolyethylene(UHMWPE)intendedforuseinmedicalimplants.Thematerialisanalyzedbyinfraredspectroscopy.1.2ThistestmethodisbasedonGuideF2102.1.3Theapplicabilityoftheinfraredmethodhasbeendemonstratedinotherliteraturereports.Thisparticularmethod,usingtheintensity(area)oftheC-Habsorptioncenteredat1370cm-1tonormalizeforthesamplex2019;sthickness,willbevalidatedbyanInterlaboratoryStudy(ILS)conductedaccordingtoPracticeE691.1.4ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.1.5Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:C45
【国际标准分类号】:11_040_40
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:Water-CooledRefrigerantCondensers,MethodsofTestingforRating
【原文标准名称】:评定水冷式冷冻冷凝器的测试方法
【标准号】:ANSI/ASHRAE22-1992
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1992
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国国家标准学会(ANSI)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:制冷;蒸发器;冷凝器
【英文主题词】:refrigeration;condensers;evaporators
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:J24
【国际标准分类号】:91_140_30
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语